This instrument is designed to study the input and output characteristics of common emitter and common base PNP & NPN Transistors. The instrument comprises two DC-regulated power supplies 0 – 10 V DC (150 mA) and 0 – 1 V DC (150 mA). Four round meters for voltage and current measurement. Connections of supplies and transistors are brought out at 4mm Sockets. 4mm stackable lead and instruction manual are also provided with this instrument.

This instrument is designed to study forward and reverse, voltage vs current characteristics of zener diode. A DC-regulated power supply of 0 – 15 V DC (150 mA) and two round meters for voltage and current measurement are provided in this instrument. Three different value zener diodes were mounted behind the panel. Connections of supplies, meters, and zener diodes are brought out at 4mm sockets. 4mm stackable lead and instruction manual are also provided with the instrument.

To study the OR digital logic gate and verification of the truth table.

To study the NAND digital logic gate and verification of the truth table.

Bridge Rectifier is made of four diodes connected in a bridge circuit. It is housed in a plastic moulded box. This bridge rectifier converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It provides the same output polarity for either input polarity. All electronic devices require direct current, so bridge rectifiers are used inside the power supplies of almost all electronic equipment. For an easy understanding of the internal circuitry, the circuit diagram is printed on the box.

The ADC unit converts an analog signal to a digital signal. When a variable voltage is applied to the input terminals it is converted into a digital output. Therefore, a 3-volt input will correspond to binary 11, and 7 volts will correspond to binary 111. A low-frequency AC input signal can be converted into a changing digital value. Use on its own or combined with the DAC to decode back into a stepped analog voltage.